Django News App Django.How

Create App
Configuration Admin Area
Allowing Managing Careers Using Admin Panel
Build Front Facing Page
Create View
Creating URLs
Create HTML Template for this App

Create App

Type python manage.py startapp news news is an example of app name
Go to the file news/models.py and declare your class: import all classes we need


from django.db import models
from datetime import datetime
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

3.Declare class for Categories


class Categories(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

4.Declare class for News

class News(models.Model): post_types = ( (‘ph’, ‘photo’), (‘vd’, ‘video’), (‘gl’, ‘gallery’), (‘qt’, ‘quote’), ) title = models.CharField(max_length=200) post_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, blank = True) author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) categories = models.ManyToManyField(Categories) post_type = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=post_types, default=’ph’) gallery_slider = models.BooleanField() post_photo = models.ImageField(upload_to = ‘photos/%Y/%m/%d’, blank = True) gallery_photo_1 = models.ImageField(upload_to = ‘photos/%Y/%m/%d’,blank = True) gallery_photo_2 = models.ImageField(upload_to = ‘photos/%Y/%m/%d’,blank = True) gallery_photo_3 = models.ImageField(upload_to = ‘photos/%Y/%m/%d’,blank = True) gallery_photo_4 = models.ImageField(upload_to = ‘photos/%Y/%m/%d’,blank = True) video_url = models.URLField(max_length=300,blank = True) quote_author = models.CharField(max_length=200,blank = True) preview_text = models.CharField(max_length=500) post_text = models.TextField() def __str__(self): return self.title

5.Declare class for Comments


class Comments(models.Model):
    author_name = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank = True)
    author_email = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank = True)
    author_site = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank = True)
    comment_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, blank = True)
    comment_text = models.TextField()
    comment_post = models.ForeignKey(News, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.author_name

NOTICE: for correct work Pillow plugin have to be installed.

Type pip install pillow into your terminal

1.Add some piece of code to our main settings file of the project:


#Media folder settings
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

2.Add some piece of code to our main urls.py file:


from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    ...
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root = settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

Add News app to the installed app

In settings.py


'news.apps.NewsConfig',

Make Migrations

After this create the migration, make sure in the terminal you are in the right folder and pipenv shell is running then type python manage.py makemigrations news this will create the necessary python files, and run migration by typing python manage.py migrate command

Configuration Admin Area

Allowing Managing News, Categories and Comments Using Admin Panel

Open news/admin.py file and import the new models and register them under admin:

from django.contrib import admin from django_summernote.admin import SummernoteModelAdmin from .models import News, Categories, Comments class NewsAdmin(SummernoteModelAdmin): summernote_fields = (‘post_text’,) list_display = (‘title’, ‘post_type’, ‘post_date’) list_display_links = (‘title’,) search_fields = (‘post_type’, ‘post_date’) list_per_page = 20 admin.site.register(News, NewsAdmin) class CommentsAdmin(SummernoteModelAdmin): summernote_fields = (‘comment_text’,) list_display = (‘author_name’, ‘author_email’, ‘comment_post’, ‘comment_date’) list_display_links = (‘author_name’,) search_fields = (‘author_name’, ‘author_email’, ‘comment_post’, ‘comment_date’) list_per_page = 20 admin.site.register(Comments, CommentsAdmin) admin.site.register(Categories)

Notice: must be installedSummernote app. Detaile info how to install it you can find here https://djangocentral.com/integrating-summernote-in-django/

Build Front Facing Page

Create View

We will have three pages: with a list of all news or filtered by category, and detailed post page, so inside news/views.py we need to define three functions.

1.Bring the models


from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, redirect
from django.core.paginator import EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger, Paginator

from .models import News, Comments

2.Declare first function for main page with list of all news:

#list of news def index(request): #get all news ordered by date news = News.objects.order_by(‘-post_date’) #Make page navigation paginator = Paginator(news, 5) page = request.GET.get(‘page’) paged_news = paginator.get_page(page) #check how much comments has any post for post in paged_news: if post.id: comments = Comments.objects.order_by(‘-comment_date’).filter( comment_post = post.id) post.comments_count = comments.count #return data to template context = { ‘news’: paged_news } return render(request, ‘news/index.html’, context)

3.Declare function for page with news filtered by category:

#list of news from category def category(request, cat_id): #get all news from current category news = News.objects.order_by(‘-post_date’).filter( categories = cat_id) #make page navigation paginator = Paginator(news, 5) page = request.GET.get(‘page’) paged_news = paginator.get_page(page) #check how much comments has any post for post in paged_news: if post.id: comments = Comments.objects.order_by(‘-comment_date’).filter( comment_post = post.id) post.comments_count = comments.count #return data to template context = { ‘news’: paged_news } return render(request, ‘news/index.html’, context)

4.Declare function for single post page:

#single post page def post(request, post_id): #check if comment for submited if request.method == ‘POST’: #prepare forms data author_name = request.POST[‘author_name’] author_email = request.POST[‘author_email’] author_site = request.POST[‘author_site’] comment_text = request.POST[‘comment_text’] comment_post = request.POST[‘comment_post’] #save comment to database comment = Comments(author_name=author_name, author_email=author_email, author_site=author_site, comment_text=comment_text, comment_post_id=int(comment_post)) comment.save() redirect(‘/news/’+str(post_id)) #get current post data post = get_object_or_404(News, pk = post_id) #get comments for current post comments = Comments.objects.order_by(‘-comment_date’).filter( comment_post = post_id) #return data to template context = { ‘news’: post, ‘comments’: comments } return render(request, ‘news/news.html’,context)

Creating URLs

1.Create file urls.py in app folder

2.Add URL rules to this file<


from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='news'),
    path('', views.post, name='post'),
    path('category/',views.category, name='category')
]

3.In the main app folder, oper urls.py file and include the file you created


urlpatterns = [
    ...
    path('news/', include('news.urls')),
    ...
]

Create HTML Template for this App

1.Create news folder inside templates

Create index.html and news.html file inside templates/news folder

Copy html code to this file from here: